Aiding and Abetting Fraud as a Cause of Action in New York

“A claim for aiding and abetting fraud must allege: (1) the existence of the underlying fraud, (2) actual knowledge, and (3) substantial assistance (Oster v Kirschner, 77 AD3d 51, 55 [1st Dept 2010]).” Apollo Glob. Mgmt. v. Cernich, 2021 N.Y. Slip Op. 31741 (N.Y. Sup. Ct. 2021).